羊驼毛纤维颜色丰富,具有22种天然色,与其他哺乳动物一样,主要由遗传基因决定。掌握控制羊驼毛色基因的改变,可以有效地控制羊驼毛色的转变。哺乳动物的毛色表型与动物体内黑色素的种类、数量、合成及分布有关。在羊驼皮肤组织中,Agouti基因、MC1R基因、酪氨酸酶基因家族、KIT基因、AIF基因、β-catenin基因、Wnt3α基因、Mitf-M基因、EDNRA基因、EDNRB基因、CDK5基因、PRS5基因、P基因及花斑突变都参与羊驼毛色的形成与调控。综述了羊驼毛色相关基因的研究进展。%The hair fiber color of alpaca,with 22 natural colors, is mainly determined by heredity gene like other mammals . To master and control the changes the hair color genes of alpaca could effectively regulate the changes of hair colors of alpaca. The hair phenotypes of mammals are related to the types, amount,composition and distribution of melanin in animals. In the skin tissue of alpaca, Agouti gene ,MC1R gene, tyrosine gene family, KIT gene ,A1F gene ,~-catenin gene, Wnt3et gene ,Mitf-M gene ,EDNRA gene ,EDNRB gene, CDK5 gene, PRS5 gene, P gene and piebaldness mutation all participated in the formation and regulation of alpaca hair color.
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