In order to overcome the problem of severe thermal decay of braking torque in sustained braking of conventional eddy current retarder and save energy, a novel structure of liquid-cooled self-excited electromagnetic retarder is proposed. The electromagnetic field and the braking performance of the retarder are analyzed with finite element method and numerical simulations on its transient flow field and thermal field are conducted by using finite volume method. The characteristics of the retarder are also measured on a test bench. The results show that the sim-ulated results well agree with test data with a braking torque up to 1,600N·m and its thermal decay less than 5%in continuous braking condition, meeting the requirements of heavy vehicles.%为克服传统电涡流缓速器持续制动时制动转矩热衰退严重的问题和节约能源,提出一种新型自励式电磁液冷缓速器结构。运用有限元法分别对该缓速器电磁场和制动性能进行分析,应用有限体积法对缓速器瞬态流场热场进行数值模拟。通过台架试验对缓速器特性进行测试,结果表明,仿真结果与实测数据吻合较好,制动转矩可达1600N·m,且在持续工作时制动转矩热衰退在5%以下,满足车辆需求。
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