The instability judgment for vehicle handling stability control system is studied in this paper. Firstly the energy method is adopted to derive formulae for the instability kinetic energy and the longitudinal kinetic energy of vehicle with their quotient defined as instability energy ratio. Then based on phase-plane method, a vehi-cle stability criterion is put forward for judging the stability of vehicle. Finally vehicle simulation is conducted with Vedyna software and the results verify the effectiveness of the stability criterion proposed.%本文中对汽车的操纵稳定性控制系统中车辆失稳的判断进行研究。采用能量法推导了车辆的失稳动能与纵向运动动能方程式，并将二者的比值定义为失稳能量比，而基于相平面法提出了车辆的稳定性判据，以判断车辆的行驶稳定状态。最后使用Vedyna软件进行车辆的仿真分析，结果验证了该稳定性判断的有效性。
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