Silver nanoparticles, as a new antibacterial material, fabricated by modern nanotechnology, has been applied widely in biomedical field owing to its excellent antibacterial character and wound renovation effects. At present, a variety of silver nanoparticles products are used in clinic, such as silver nanoparticles antimicrobial gel, silver nanoparticles wound dressings, silver nanoparticles cardiovascular stents, silver nanoparticles catheters, silver nanoparticles bone cement and so on. In recent years, studies show that silver nanoparticles' s long-lasting, broad-spectrum, potent antibacterial activity stem result from its complex and specific antibacterial mechanism. Silver nanoparticles is a desired antimicrobial material because of no drugresistance. However, researchers still do not quite understand the toxicological properties of silver nanoparticles. With the widespread application in medicine and daily life, the studies on the toxicity and long-term monitoring of silver nanoparticles must be a cause for concern. This paper makes a brief summary and outlook on the synthesis, antimicrobial mechanism, toxicity and application in medicine of silver nanoparticles.%纳米银是利用现代纳米技术制造的新一代抗菌材料,因其具有优异的抗菌杀菌活性及在伤口修复方面的积极作用,在医学生物学领域获得了广泛应用.目前已有一些纳米银产品应用于临床,如纳米银抗菌凝胶、纳米银敷料、纳米银心血管支架、纳米银导管、纳米银骨水泥等.近年来的研究表明,纳米银的长效、广谱、强效的抗菌活性源于其对微生物复杂而特异的抗菌机制.尽管纳米银不会使病菌产生耐药性,是人们期望中的理想抗菌材料,但研究人员对其毒性机制依然不甚了解.本文就纳米银的合成、抗菌机制、毒性及在医学中的应用做了简要总结和展望.
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