As a basic image processing technique, the objective of image enhancement is to obtain a better and more useful visual image in specific applications. Today mammogram is recognized as an effective means of early diagnosis for breast cancer. However, because of limited capacity of the human eye resolution, human negligence and other reasons, a large part of diagnostic information is not available. Therefore, the image enhancement is used to obtain more useful information from the original mammogram. This paper focuses on the gray-scale transformation methods of image enhancement, including linear transformation, nonlinear transformation and histogram equalization, and uses the MATLAB software to realize these methods inmammograms. The results show that the contrast and visual effects of images are improved , which is beneficial to doctors for the microcalcification detection and disease diagnosis in clinical medicine.%图像增强技术作为一种基本的图像处理技术,其目的是对原始图像进行加工,得到视觉效果更好更有用的图像.乳腺X线片是当今早期诊断乳腺癌的有效手段,但由于人体肉眼分辨能力有限以及人为疏忽等原因,其中有很大一部分诊断信息没有被人们所利用,因此对乳腺X线片进行增强处理很重要.本文在讨论包括线性变换、非线性变换和直方图均衡化三种用于图像增强灰度变换方法基础上,利用MATLAB编程实现相关算法,将其用于乳腺X线片的处理.结果表明,以上三种灰度变换方法均提高了图像的对比度,改善了图像的显示效果.上述三种灰度变换方法应用于临床,均将有利于医生进行微钙化点检测和疾病诊断.
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