怒江中游的少数民族民居具有鲜明的地域特色,但该地区典型民居的室内热环境状况却鲜为人知.本文选取该地区2类常见的民居(干栏式房屋和石墙承重式房屋)进行了太阳辐射强度、温湿度、壁面温度、风速等热环境参数的测试,并用PMV-PPD指标进行了评价.其次,从技术的视角对极富地域特色的空间和材料进行了解读.结果表明:1)冬季夜间和早晨房屋热感觉差,白天热感觉舒适.冬季夜间需要通过增加热源或加厚被褥的方式达到人体热舒适.2)对于乡土民居,房屋上部通常采用开敞的空间形式,这种空间形式不但不会影响室内温度,反而可以达到除湿的目的.3)干栏式房屋室内的火塘作为热源,可以弥补房屋密闭性差所导致的室内温度低和湿度大的问题；当房间内不再使用火塘时,其围护结构热工性能不及围护结构密闭性好的房屋.%Dwellings of ethnic minorities located in the middle part of Nujiang have distinct regional characteristics. However, the indoor thermal environment of local dwellings is virtually unknown. In this paper, indoor thermal environment parameters of two representative dwellings named ganlan structure house and stone-wall load-bearing structure house were tested,including solar radiation intensive,air temperature,air relative humidity,surface temperature and air velocity,and the evaluation with PMV-PPD index was given out. Besides, the characteristics of space form and traditional building material were analyzed. The results indicated that the winter indoor thermal environment was poor at night and in the morning, and was comfortable during day. Hence, people need to use heat source or add thick bedding to achieve thermal comfort. For local dwellings, the upper part was not enclosed. This form would not affect indoor temperature,but was beneficial to the dehumidification. Furthermore,in the room of ganlan structure house, taking fire pond as heat source would relieve the situation of low temperature and high relative humidity that caused by the poor airtightness of building envelope. When the fire pond was not used, the envelope thermal performance was worse than that of the stone-wall load-bearing structure house.
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