随着城市的发展,交通噪声日益严重,沿街布置院落式建筑是改善道路两侧用地声环境的重要措施之一,院落的建筑高度、开口尺寸及后退道路红线距离等因素是影响措施成效的重要因素.本文选择典型研究区域,根据声音的不同传播方式,合理布置测点,现场测量车流量及声压级,并将这些数据输入计算机模型,对模型进行验证.在保证模型精度的情况下,对不同建筑形态变化的院落内部声环境进行模拟发现:随着建筑高度的增加、沿街开口宽度的减小,以及建筑后退道路红线距离的增加,沿街院落内部的声环境会得到明显改善,且建筑高度在6m以内、开口宽度在12m以内、建筑后退道路红线距离9 m以内效果较明显,当超出确定范围时效果不明显.本文的研究可为改善沿街院落的声环境提供理论支持.%With the urban development, the impact of traffic noise has become more and more serious. Designing courtyard-style buildings alongside streets is one of the important measures to improve the sound environment for both sides of streets. The courtyard-style buildings' height,opening size,and the backward distance from curb are important factors. In this paper,taking a typical area as the study object,the measurement points were arranged according to the different modes of sound transmission,and the traffic volumes and sound pressure levels were measured. And then,the measured data were put into the simulation model to verify its correctness. The simulation results indicated that the acoustic environment of courtyard-style buildings alongside streets was improved with the increase of buildings' height and backward distance from curb, and the decrease of the buildings' opening size. Furthermore, the effect was obvious when the buildings' height,opening size and the backward distance from curb was less than 6 m,12 m and 9 m,respectively. When the parameter values were out of the range, the effect was not obvious.
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