Recently,the electrooxidation of urea-rich industrial wastewater and sanitary sewage has been widely studied owing to its convenient operation,stable running and high efficiency. In the process of urea electrooxidation,the catalyst is crucial to decides the feasibility and efficiency of the process. Among the multitudinous catalysts,the non-noble metal nickel-based catalysts have gained much attention due to its high electrocatalytic activity,low cost and ample sources. In this review,the research of Ni-based catalysts has been introduced based on the mechanism of urea electrooxidation on Ni-based catalysts in alkaline medium in the past twenty years. Furthermore,the development of Ni-based metal catalysts,Ni-based hydroxide catalysts,Ni-based oxide catalysts and supported catalysts has been concluded on the basis of our research. The problems of urea elextrooxidation catalysts,such as low current density and high electrooxidation potential are also pointed out. And the changing of the morphology and component of catalysts will be the developmental trends of the Ni-based catalysts for urea electrooxidation in the future.%近年来,尿素电氧化法处理富含尿素的工业废水和生活污水得到了广泛关注.在尿素电氧化过程中,催化剂是决定尿素氧化效率和实用性的关键材料.非贵金属镍不但对尿素电氧化反应表现出较高的催化活性,而且廉价易得,近年来成为研究热点.本文在简要介绍碱性环境中镍基催化剂氧化尿素机理的基础上,综述了最近尿素电氧化催化剂的研究进展,并结合本课题组的工作从镍基金属催化剂、镍基氢氧化物催化剂、镍基氧化物催化剂和负载型催化剂4个方面做了详细的评述.文中提出当前尿素电氧化催化剂存在催化活性较低、电流密度较小、起始电位较高等问题,未来尿素电氧化催化剂将朝向改变镍基催化剂的形貌和组成等方向发展.
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