基于哺乳动物脑组织含有丰富的乙酰胆碱酯酶这一生物学、医药学常识，采用新鲜的猪脑膜作为酶膜，将其紧贴于pH玻璃电极玻璃球敏感膜上作为酶源，构建电化学生物传感器。该传感器对氯化乙酰胆碱具有灵敏的响应。对测定体系的缓冲溶液的pH进行了优化，考察了该传感器的选择性和寿命，并研究了几种与水混溶的有机溶剂对酶相对活性的影响以及传感器在有机溶剂中的稳定性。基于氨基甲酸酯类农药会对乙酰胆碱酯酶发生抑制作用这一机理，选择最佳浓度的有机溶剂作为测试介质，将该传感器用于氨基甲酸酯类农药西维因的测定，具有线性范围广、检测限低、重现性较好的特点。应用于城市污水处理厂的出厂水中西维因的测定，回收率在92．5%~105．0%之间，具有实用价值。%Based on the general knowledge of biology and medicine that acetylcholinesterase mainly exist in animal’ s brain tissue, we choose the fresh swinish brain membrane containing acetylcholinesterase as the enzyme membrane directly attached to the pH glass electrode to construct the biosensor. The biosensor responded sensitively to acetylcholine. Optimization of buffers’ pH and con-centration were studied,as well as the selectivity and life-time of the biosensor. The influence of various concentrations of water-mis-cible organic solvents on the response of the biosensor and its operating stability were also investigated. Choosing the optimum con-centration of water-miscible organic solvents as test medium,the biosensor was applied to detect carbaryl,one of the typic carbamate pesticides. It showed wide linearity range,low detection limit and good repeatability. The recovery percentages ranged from 92. 5%to 105. 0%for determining carbaryl of domestic wastewater treated by municipal sewage treatment plants. The biosensor is suitable for real application.
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