以硝酸镍为氧化剂,乙二醇为燃料,采用溶液燃烧法在300℃合成了纳米NiO和金属Ni.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)系统地研究了不同燃料、燃料/氧化剂比对合成产物的晶相组成和微观形貌的影响.结果表明:燃料种类和燃料/氧化剂比对合成产物晶相组成的影响显著.通过控制乙二醇/硝酸镍的比例,可以在空气气氛中一步分别合成晶粒大小约为30nm的纯相纳米NiO晶体和金属Ni,而不需要其它焙烧或者还原处理步骤.在300℃,乙二醇燃料过量50%以上可制备得到纳米金属Ni,化学计量比量乙二醇时得到NiO纳米晶,而乙二醇缺50%时产物为无定形粉体.%Nano-crystalline Ni/NiO was synthesized by solution combustion method using Ni ( NO3 ) 2 as oxidant and ethylene glycol as fuel at 300℃. The effect of fuel and fuel-to-oxidant ratio on the phase composition and morphology of the as-synthesized products were systematically studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The results showed that fuel and fuel-to-oxidant ratio played an important role in Ni/NiO synthesis. Nickel or NiO nanocrystals with a crystallite size of 30nm could be directly synthesized through solution combustion synthesis by controlling the ethylene glycol-to-oxidant ratio in air atmosphere without further calcination and reducing process. At 300℃, nickel particles and NiO phase were obtained in the fule rich reaction ( ≥50％ ) and stoichiometric-fuel reaction, respectively, while amorphous phase was obtained in the fuel-lean reaction ( -50％ ).
展开▼
