China has just entered the automobile society,but its urban traffic congestion is already very serious. The problem can not be solved by the ways of increase supply, curb demand within transportation system itself. By comparing Tokyo and Beijing,benefiting from moderate population density, high road area ratio and density of road network, people have more resources per capita roads. Function points such as housing, schools, hospitals and other are compact hybrid,with less moving, meet people's diverse demand.Reasonableness of the spatial structure improved transportation efficiency. To Solve the problem of urban traffic should be considered the city as a whole system in China.%刚进入汽车社会的我国城市交通拥堵已经十分严重。局限于交通系统本身增加供给、抑制需求的对策无法根本解决问题。通过东京与北京的比较发现，东京交通运输系统高效源于人口密度适中、道路面积率和路网密度高使人均道路资源多，住宅、学校、医院等功能点紧凑布局，较好地满足人们多样需求而减少了交通量。空间结构的合理性提高了交通效率。解决中国城市交通问题应该从整个城市系统考虑。
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