In order to accurately grasp the reality and the development of middle school students’ Computer and Information Literacy around the world, the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement conducted the ifrst large-scale International Computer and Information Literacy Assessment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the aim, the content, the process and the results of this assessment, through the summarize of the factors that inlfuence the formation and development of students’ computer and information literacy, then we could give some hints for the cultivation of the Computer and Information Literacy of middle school students in our country. This study used the literature method. The research result show that the formation and development of students’ Computer and Information Literacy is inlfuenced by multilevel factors referring to student individuals, the family background, the school education, the school resource, and the policy from the district and national level etc. According to the results above, we can derive some useful policy implications, such as encourage the participation of important international assessments; explore our own monitor and assess instruments; coordinate the inlfuence of different subjects etc.%为了准确把握当前世界各国中学生计算机与信息素养的发展状况，国际教育成就评估协会开展了首次大规模国际中学生计算机与信息素养测评。该文的研究目的在于通过对国际教育成就评估协会开展的此次测评的目的、内涵、过程及结果进行分析，以期总结出中学生计算机与信息素养形成与发展的影响因素，为我国中学生计算机与信息素养的培养提供借鉴。该研究主要采取文献分析法，对此次测评的相关内涵、测评设计及测评结果进行了总结与分析，得出中学生计算机与信息素养的形成与发展受学生个体、学生家庭背景、学校教学、学校资源、地区及国家教育信息化设备及政策引导等多方面因素的影响。该文最后提出可以鼓励我国参与大型国际测评、开发本土化的计算机与信息素养监测工具、整合资源实现协同发展等启示建议。
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