Objective To explore the risk factors of incision infection of general surgery. Methods 60 cases of patients with incision infection treated in our hospital from January, 2012 to January, 2013 were selected as the observation group, and other 60 cases of patients without incision infection were selected as the control group for controlled clinical study. The operation time and clinical medication of two groups of patients were studied comparatively. Results Of the 60 patients with incision infection in the observation group, 21 cases used antibiotics less than 2 kinds, accounting for 35%, 39 cases did not use antibiotics over 2 kinds, accounting for 65%; the number of the patients with operation time within 2 hours was 24, accounting for 40%, the number whose operation time over 2 hours was 36, accounting for 60%;31 cases used immune inhibitors, accounting for 51.7%, 29 cases did not use immune inhibitors, accounting for 48.3%. Of the 60 patients without incision infection in the control group, 37 cases used antibiotics less than 2 kinds, accounting for 61.7%, 23 cases did not use antibiotics over 2 kinds, accounting for 38.3%; the number of the patients with operation time within 2 hours was 41, accounting for 68.3%, the number whose operation time over 2 hours was 19, accounting for 31.7%; 19 cases used immune inhibitors, accounting for 31.7%, 41 cases did not use immune inhibitors, accounting for 68.3%. Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence of postoperative incision infection, the operation time should be shortened as far as possible, and the number of days and kinds of antibiotics used preoperatively and postoperatively should be reduced.%目的：探讨普通外科切口感染的相关危险因素。方法选自2012年1月—2013年1月进入到该院进行治疗的60例切口感染患者，选取同期60例无切口感染的患者进行临床对照，分别命名为观察组和对照组。对两组患者的手术时间，临床用药情况进行对比研究。结果观察组60例患者均是切口感染患者，使用抗生素2种以下有21例患者，占该组临床总人数的35%，未使用抗生素2种以上39例，占该组临床总人数的65%，手术时间2 h以内有24例患者，占该组临床总人数的40%，手术时间2 h以外有36例患者，占该组临床总人数的60%，使用免疫抑制剂有31例，占该组临床总人数的51.7%，未使用免疫抑制剂有29例患者，占该组临床总人数的48.3%。对照组60例患者均不是切口感染患者，使用抗生素2种以下有37例患者，占该组临床总人数的61.7%，未使用抗生素2种以上23例，占该组临床总人数的38.3%，手术时间2 h以内有41例患者，占该组临床总人数的68.3%，手术时间2 h以外有19例患者，占该组临床总人数的31.7%，使用免疫抑制剂有19例，占该组临床总人数的31.7%，未使用免疫抑制剂有41例患者，占该组临床总人数的68.3%。结论降低术后切口感染率，必须尽量缩短手术时间，并减少术前术后抗生素使用天数和种类。
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