Electrical cortical stimulation (ECS) was considered as the "gold standard" of functional cortical mapping, which played an important role in the effect of neurosurgery surgery. With the development of neuroimaging technology and theory, more and more new methods were used in functional cortical mapping of neurosurgery, for example electrocorticography (ECoG), positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetoencephalography (MEG), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and optical cortical imaging (OCI). The principle of these technologies were briefly introduced in this paper, and we compared the present situation of the application of these technologies from clinical reliability, security, detection efficiency, cost and application status respectively. Finally, we made the outlook for the future development of clinical functional cortical mapping technology.%皮层功能定位对于保证神经外科手术的效果有重要作用,而皮层电刺激技术一直以来都被认为是临床皮层功能定位的"金标准".随着神经成像技术和理论的发展,越来越多新的方法也开始被应用于神经外科皮层功能定位,包括皮层脑电图、正电子放射断层扫描、功能核磁共振成像、脑磁图、经颅磁刺激以及皮层光学成像等.本文对这些技术的原理分别作了简单介绍,并从临床可靠性、安全性、检测效率、成本以及应用现状等方面对它们进行比较.文章最后对临床皮层功能定位技术的未来发展状况作出了展望.
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