目的 分析中国医科大学附属盛京医院(以下简称“我院”)神经内科住院患者感染的病原菌分布,并对主要致病菌的耐药情况进行分析,从而为临床治疗的药物选择提供参考.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月～2015年12月我院神经内科住院患者发生院内感染的情况,并对患者的痰液、血液、尿液等标本的病原学培养及药敏试验结果进行统计分析.结果 神经内科住院患者院内感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占59.92％;其次为革兰阳性菌,占34.01％.革兰阴性菌中各好发菌种依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、鲍曼不动杆菌.革兰阳性菌中各好发菌种依次为表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌.结论 神经内科住院患者感染仍以革兰阴性菌为主,且对临床上常见的一些药物具有较强的耐药性,应定期对致病菌的分布及其耐药性进行监测,合理用药,规范操作,避免医院感染的发生.%Objective To analyze the distribution and the drug resistance of the main pathogens of hospitalized patients in Department of Neurology of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University ("our hospital" for short),in order to provide references for the choice of drug of clinical cure.Methods The data of patients with infection in the Department of Neurology of our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The results of pathogens were cultured and drug sensitive test from the patients' sample of sputum,blood,urine,etc were analyzed.Results The Gram-negative bacteria were primary nosocomial infection pathogenic of patients in Department of Neurology,with 59.92％ of patients were infected by the Gram-negative bacteria,meanwhile,34.01％ of patients were infected by the Grampositive bacteria.The main bacterias in Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumonia and A cinetobacter baumannii,whereasthe main bacterias in Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus epidermis,Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium.Conclusion The Gram-negative bacteria are still the common pathogens causing the nosocomial infection in the neurology department,and have produced certain drug resistance to the common antibiotics in clinic.It is necessary to have a regular time to monitor the drug resistance and clinical distribution,standardize the operation,and use the antibiotics reasonably,so as to prevent the nosocomial infections effectively.
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