Objective To analyze volatile oil from the plants of Piper boehmeriifolium (Miq.) Wall. ex C. DC. and Piper hancei Maxim. Methods Volatile oils were exacted by the steam distillation (SD) method. HP-5 capillary column (30 mí0.25 mm, 0.25μm);temperature programming;Nitrogen as the carrier gas;Volume flow was 1.0 mL/min;detecror tem-pertature was 280℃; solvent delay time was 3 min; injection volume was 0.2 μL; split ratio was 100:1; the velocity of air was 300 mL/min; the velocity of N2 was 30 mL/min. Results The yield of volatile oil was high. Their ingredients were complicated, which were including 14 main cornmon chemical compositions, such as Caryophyllene, α-Caryophyllene, Spathulenol, (E)-Nerolidol, α-Cubebene and so on. The specific components of Piper boehmeriifolium (Miq.) Wall. ex C. DC. were (-)-β-Elemen, (+)-β-Selinene, 1, 5, 5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene. The con-tents were more then 14%; the specific components of Piper hancei Maxim. were (-)-Spathulenol and (E)-Nerolidol, the contents were more than 15%. Conclusion Main components are differences between Piper boehmeriifolium (Miq.) Wall. ex C. DC. and Piper hancei Maxim., it might be the basis for variety identification.%目的：采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对大肠风与小肠风挥发油进行对比分析，为二者合理利用提供参考依据。方法水蒸气蒸馏提取挥发油。色谱柱为HP-5MS石英毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm，0.25μm)；程序升温；载气为氦气(He)，体积流量为1.0 mL/min；检测器温度为280℃；溶剂延迟为3 min；进样量为0.2μL；分流比为100：1；空气流速为300 mL/min；尾吹气N2流速为30 mL/min。结果用水蒸气蒸馏法提取所得挥发油成分较复杂，大肠风与小肠风挥发油共有成分为石竹烯、α-石竹烯、斯巴醇、反式-橙花叔醇、α-荜澄茄油烯等14个，主要为烯烃类及醇类；大肠风特有成分为(-)-β-榄香烯、(+)-β-蛇床烯、1，5，5-三甲基-6-亚甲基-环己烯，含量都高达14%以上；小肠风中(-)-斯巴醇、反式-橙花叔醇，含量都高达15%以上。结论大肠风与小肠风挥发性成分具有差异性，可作为鉴别二者的基本依据。
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