Objective To analyze the relationship between ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) engraftment in different gestational age of premature babies and congenital pneumonia, though statistics of Uu engraftment rate in different gestational age of premature babies. Methods Fluorescent probe PCR method was used to detect Uu in nasopharyngeal secretion and Endo-tracheal aspirate among 89 cases of preterm infants with gestational age 34-37 weeks, 61 cases of preterm infants with gestational age < 34 weeks, and 80 cases of normal newboms. Results ① Uu-positive detection rates of preterm infants with gestational age 34-37 weeks, < 34 weeks and the control group were 30.34%, 47.54%, 11.25%. Uu-positive detection rates in preterm infants with gestational age 34-37 weeks and < 34 weeks were obviously higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (x2=9.16, x2=20.03, P < 0.05), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (x2=4.58, P < 0.05). ② Uu-positive detection rate of gestational age 34-37 weeks preterm infants with congenital pneumonia was 52.00%; Uu-positive detection rate of gestational age < 34 weeks preterm infants with congenital pneumonia was 81.48%; the difference was statistically significant (x2=5.13, P < 0.05). Conclusion Uu infection closely related to premature birth, and the smaller of the gestational age, the possibility of infection is higher, which may the significant cause of premature delivery. When premature infants suffered with congenital pneumonia, especially in preterm infants with smaller gestational age, should consider the possibility of Uu infection, and timely make appropriate checks and give appropriate anti-infective therapy.%目的 通过统计不同胎龄早产儿呼吸道解脲脲原体(Uu)定植率,分析不同胎龄早产儿呼吸道Uu定植与先天性肺炎的关系.方法 采用荧光探针PCR法对89例胎龄34～37周早产儿、61例胎龄＜34周早产儿、80例正常新生儿的咽部分泌物或气管内吸出物进行Uu检测.结果 ①胎龄34～37周、胎龄＜34周早产儿及对照组Uu检测阳性率分别为30.34％、47.54％、11.25％,胎龄34～37周及胎龄＜34周的早产儿Uu检测阳性率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(x2=9.16,x2=20.03,P＜0.05),且两组间差异也有统计学意义(x2=4.58,P＜0.05).②胎龄34～37周患先天性肺炎的早产儿Uu检测阳性率为52.00％,胎龄＜34周患先天性肺炎的早产儿Uu检测阳性率为81.48％,两组间差异有统计学意义(x2=5.13,P＜0.05).结论 解脲脲原体感染与早产有密切关系,且胎龄越小,感染可能性越大,有可能是导致早产的重要原因；早产儿发生先天性肺炎时,尤其是胎龄较小的早产儿,应考虑Uu感染的可能,并进行相应检查,及时给予适宜的抗感染治疗.
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