目的 探讨3种检测方法 在疟疾诊断和疗效方面的应用价值.方法 对北京地坛医院2010年1月～2012年3月的67份疑似疟疾患者血样用镜检法、OptiMAL法和实时荧光定量PCR法进行疟原虫的检测,并用OptiMAL法和实时荧光定量PCR法对药物治疗后3 d、1周、2周的血样阴转率和疟原虫在血中的核酸DNA拷贝数进行评估.结果 镜检法、OptiMAL 法和PCR法敏感度分别为56.7%、52.2%和62.7%,差异无统计学意义(P = 0.471 ＞ 0.05);三者的灵敏度分别为91.1%、86.0%和100.0%;误诊率分别为13.7%、21.8%和0;阳性预测值分别为90.4%、83.3%和100.0%.结论 OptiMAL法和PCR法在疟疾的诊断和疗效考核中,可作为镜检法的补充.%Objective To investigate application value of three testing methods on the diagnosis and curative effect of malaria. Methods 67 blood samples of suspicious positive malaria which were from January 2010 to March 2012 in Beijing Ditan Hospital were detected by used light microscopy (LM), OptiMAL and fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Besides, the rate of turning negative of blood samples after medical treatment for 3 days, 1 week and 2 weeks and DNA copy number of malaria by the methods of OptiMAL and fluorescence quantitative PCR were evaluated. Results The sensitivity of LM, OptiMAL and PCR were 56.7%, 52.2% and 62.7%, there was no significant difference among the three methods (P = 0.471 > 0.05); sensibility of three methods were 91.1%, 86.0% and 100.0% respectively; the misdiagnositic rate were 13.7%, 21.8% and 0; the positive predictive value were 90.4%, 83.3% and 100%. Conclusion In the diagnosis and curative checking of Plasmodium falciparum, OptiMAL and PCR could be used as complement methods of the LM.
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