Objective To study the postoperative complications and its nursing strategy of laparoscopic rectal cancer operation. Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with rectal cancer, who were treated with laparoscopic operation (observation group) in our hospital from January 2007 to January 2011, were retrospective analyzed to discuss their complications and the nursing strategy. At the same time, 150 cases of rectal cancer patients treated with conventional operation were selected to be a control group. Two groups of patients were observed and compared with operation, length of stay and the recurrence during the 1 year follow-up period. Results In 150 patients of the observation group, 30 cases (20%) occurred postoperative complications, thereinto, 21 cases occurred artificial pneumoperitoneum related complications, 4 cases encountered pulmonary infection, 2 cases occurred anastomotic leakage, 2 cases encountered adhesive intestinal obstruction, 1 case occurred intra-abdominal hemorrhage. 24 cases of patients in the control group (16%) occurred complications, it was lower than that in observation group, but the difference was not significant. In the observation group, based on careful observation, timely detection of anomalies and informing to the doctor and the corresponding treatment and nursing were done, only 1 case in 30 patients (3.33%) was cured by reoperation. intraoperative hemorrhage and length of stay of the observation group patients were significantly lower than that of the control group patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). During 1 year follow-up period, 5 cases in the observation group recurred (3.33%), 2 cases in the control group recurred (1.33%). The recurrence rate of observation group was higher than that of control group, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion Compared with conventional rectal cancer operation, laparoscopic rectal cancer operation have some advantages, such as small trauma, quickly recovery, but various complications occurred because of the establishment of artificial pneumoperitoneum, patients being old and infirm, coughing forcefully and other factors. Nurses should observe patient's condition changes, and timely judge that whether they occurred complications, and follow the doctor's advice for corresponding treatment and nursing care, it can promote disease rehabilitation. And it is an important guarantee to improve the successful rate of operation.%目的 探讨腹腔镜直肠癌手术术后并发症情况及相应的护理对策.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月~2011年1月收治的150例腹腔镜直肠癌手术患者(观察组),分析其中发生术后并发症的30例患者的临床资料,以探讨并发症发生情况及其护理对策.同时选取150例行传统直肠癌手术的患者作为对照组,观察比较两组患者手术情况、住院时间及随访1年期间患者复发情况.结果 150例观察组患者中30例(20.00%)发生术后并发症,其中21例发生与人工气腹相关的并发症,4例发生肺部感染,2例发生吻合口漏,2例发生粘连性肠梗阻,1例发生腹腔出血.对照组患者24例(16.00%)发生并发症,低于观察组,但差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).对观察组患者通过严密观察病情,及时发现异常情况并通知医生进行相应的处理和护理,30例患者中仅1例(3.33%)再次手术.观察组术中出血及住院时间明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).随访1年期间,观察组患者5例(3.33%)复发,对照组2例(1.33%)复发,观察组复发率高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05).结论 腹腔镜下直肠癌术相比传统的直肠癌术而言,创伤小,患者术后恢复快,但可因建立人工气腹、患者年老体弱及用力咳嗽等因素发生各种并发症,护士应注意观察患者病情变化,并及时判断有无并发症的发生,并遵医嘱进行相应的处理及护理,可促进患者疾病康复,是提高手术成功率的重要保证.
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