Objective To explore the related factors of bronchial asthma after bronchiolitis.MethodsClinical data of 66 children with bronchiolitis who were admitted to our hospital from January,2007 to January,2008 were analyzed retrospectively and the conditions of respiratory tract infection and bronchial asthma of these children after discharge were analyzed.Factors that may cause bronchial asthma and correlations between these factors and bronchial asthma attacks were analyzed in Logistic regression analysis method according to conditions of bronchial asthma of these children.Children were given 5-year follow-ups after discharge,those with bronchial asthma were allocated as the disease group while those without bronchial asthma were allocated to the normal group. Results Children were given 5-year follow-ups after discharge,among whom 25 were with bronchial asthma and the rate was 37.88%.The family history of asthma,lower respiratory tract infection,age and condition of bronchiolitis,etc.all of children in two groups were found to have significant differences after various factors in two groups were compared.These differences had statistically significance(P<0.05).ConclusionSevere conditions,the family history of asthma, accompanied with lower respiratory tract infection etc.all of children with bronchiolitis were all main factors of bronchial asthma caused by bronchiolitis.%目的：探讨毛细支气管炎后与支气管哮喘发生的相关因素。方法对我院2007年1月～2008年1月期间收治的66例毛细支气管炎患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析，在患儿出院后对其呼吸道感染与气管哮喘发作情况进行分析，并根据患儿的支气管哮喘发生情况采用Logistic回归分析法对可能引发支气管哮喘的因素及这些因素和支气管哮喘发病之前的相关性进行分析。患儿出院给予5年随访，发生支气管哮喘者归为发病组，而未发病者归为正常组。结果患儿出院给予5年随访，25例发生支气管哮喘，发生率为37.88%。发病组与正常组通过对多种因素进行比较，发现两组患儿的哮喘家族史、下呼吸道感染及患毛细支气管炎时的年龄、病情等因素差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论毛细支气管炎患儿的病情严重、有哮喘家族史以及伴有下呼吸道感染等因素均是毛细支气管炎后引发支气管哮喘的主要因素。
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