Objective To compare the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of senile osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture. Methods Eighty-eight senile patients with thoracolumbar fracture treated in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were selected and divided into observation group and control group. The observation group (PKP group) was given PKP treatment and control group (PVP group) was given PVP.The Cobb angle,vertebral height,EVOS score and VAS score before and after treatment and the total effective rate and incidence of complications between two groups was compared respectively. Results After treatment, the Cobb angle,vertebral height,EVOS score and VAS score of both groups were improved significantly compared to those before treatment (P<0.05),and the PKP group was better than the PVP group in the improvement situation of Cobb angle and vertebral height (P<0.05).The two groups were not statistically different in the total effective rate (P>0.05) and the PKP group was significantly lower than the PVP group in the incidence rate of bone cement leakage (P<0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of patients with senile osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture,PKP and PVP can both significantly improve the mobility function of senile patients,effectively relieve pain and show remarkable clinical efficacy,however,PKP has more advantage in recovering vertebral height and reducing the incidence of bone cement leakage.%目的：比较经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)和椎体成形术(PVP)治疗老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的效果。方法选取我院2012年1月~2014年12月收治的老年骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折患者88例，分为观察组和对照组。观察组(PKP组)予以PKP治疗，对照组(PVP组)予以PVP治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后的Cobb角、椎体高度、EVOS评分、VAS评分，总有效率、并发症发生情况。结果治疗后，两组的Cobb角、椎体高度、EVOS评分、VAS评分均较治疗前显著改善(P<0.05)，且PKP组的Cobb角、椎体高度改善情况优于PVP组(P<0.05)；两组的总有效率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，PKP组的骨水泥渗漏发生率显著低于PVP组(P<0.05)。结论对于老年胸腰椎骨折患者的治疗，采用PKP和PVP均可明显改善老年患者的活动功能，有效缓解疼痛，临床效果明显，而PKP在恢复椎体高度及降低骨水泥渗漏发生率方面更具优势。
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