目的：了解医院药品不良反应( ADR )发生情况及引发的相关因素，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法共收集2015年558份ADR报告，从患者情况、给药剂型、药品分类、累及系统/器官等方面进行回顾性统计和分析。结果558份ADR报告中，女性患者发生率高于男性；给药途径以静脉滴注为主，占62.37%；涉及药品共112种(含不同剂型和规格)，抗感染药品ADR占第1位，涉及患者共142例，涉及39个品种，其次为中药制剂；主要ADR类型为皮肤及其附件损害，有207份，其次为消化系统症状，有188份。结论加强药物知识培训，严格掌握用药指征，可减少和预防ADR的发生，促进合理用药。%Objective To study the occurrence of adverse drug reaction ( ADR ) in the hospital and its relevant factors, to provide refer-ence for clinical rational drug use. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the 558 cases of ADR report collected in the hos-pital in 2015, which were further analyzed from the aspects of the patient condition, dosage form, drug classification and damage. Results In the 558 cases of ADR reports, the ADR occurrence in female patients was higher than the male patients; intravenous injection ( 62. 37% ) was the main channel;112 kinds of drugs were involved ( in different dosage forms and specifications ) , in which anti-in-fective drugs topped the list ( 39 kinds in 142 reports ) , followed by Chinese drug preparations;the main types of ADR were lesions of skin ( 207 cases ) , followed by digestive system symptoms ( 188 cases ) . Conclusion Strengthening drug knowledge training, strictly mas-tering the medication indications can reduce and prevent the occurrence of ADR, and promote the rational use of drugs.
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