目的:评价恶性血液病患者化疗后发生感染应用抗菌药物的合理性.方法:对我院2011年4月-2012年4月58例恶性血液病患者化疗后发生感染应用抗菌药物的情况进行回顾性分析.结果:单个部位感染者41例,合并2个及2个以上部位感染者9例,未明确感染部位者8例.中性粒细胞＜0.5×109/L伴发热体征者34例,高危患者29例,低危患者5例.抗菌药物应用率迭100％,使用强度为71.84 DDDs/100人/天.治疗药物包括碳青霉烯类和第3、4代头孢菌素、氨基糖苷类等.结论:所有患者应用抗菌药物进行抗感染治疗是必需的.29例高危患者中,有10例与相关指南的推荐标准吻合；非高危患者所应用的抗菌药物级别和档次偏高,给药途径单一,与相关指南及管理要求存在一定差距,需引起重视.%OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rationality of antibiotics for infection in patients with malignant hematological disease after chemotherapy. METHODS: The utilization of antibiotics for infection in 58 patients with malignant hematological disease after chemotherapy in our hospital during Apr. 2011—Apr. 2012 were investigated and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: 41 cases suffered from infections in one part, 9 cases in two or more than two parts and 8 cases had no confirmed infection parts. There were 34 patients with neutrophils<0.5xl09/L complicating with fever, 29 high-risk patients and 5 low-risk patients. The utilization ratio of antibiotics was 100%. The AUD of antibiotics use was 71.84 DDDs/100 persons/day. The antibiotics were carbapenem, third or fourth generation cephalosporin, aminoglycosides, etc. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to use antibiotics for anti-infection treatment. Among 29 high-risk patients, 10 cases are consistent with the recommended standard of related guidance. For low-risk patients, the grade of antibiotics is too high, the route of administration is little, which are different from the guideline and management. This should be taken seriously.
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