基于热力学、流体力学和空气动力学理论,建立包括橡胶气囊、附加空气室、节流孔、差压阀和高度调整阀的空气弹簧系统气动力学微分方程组.在此基础上,基于AMESim平台建立轨道车辆的空气弹簧系统气动力学仿真模型,并以某动车组为例进行空气弹簧系统的静、动刚度仿真计算.将仿真计算结果与实测结果对比,验证了该模型能够很好反映实际空气弹簧的静态和动态特性.仿真计算结果表明:该模型解决了常规车辆动力学模型不能模拟空气弹簧刚度变化和高度调整阀在有些工况下会打开的问题,从而提高了车辆动力学仿真的计算精度.%The pneumatics differential equations of the air spring system which includes the rubber bellows,the auxiliary tanks,the orifices,the differential pressure valve and the height adjustment valves are established based on the theories of thermodynamics,hydromechanics and pneumatics.On this basis,the pneumatics simulation model of railway vehicle air spring system is set up based on AMESim platform.Taking a type of EMU as the simulation example,the static and dynamic stiffness of the air spring system are calculated.From the comparison between simulation results and test results,it can be proved that the pneumatic model can well reflect the static and dynamic characteristics of actual air spring.The simulation results indicate that,the pneumatic air spring model can solve the problems that the air spring stiffness cannot change and the height adjustment valve cannot open in some special conditions for conventional vehicle dynamic model.Thus the simulation accuracy of vehicle dynamics can be improved.
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