The reason for electrode erosion, welding and the failure,＇ of electric apparatuses comes mainly from the low velocity movement of arc cathode spots. Seldom attention was paid on the effect on cathode spots of microstructure of cathode materials, such as grain size, phase, and the distribution of second phases. The arc characteristics over the surface of several amorphous or nanostructured materials were investigated. Some new arc characteristics, such as electron emission sites, arc spot propagation and distribution, were found. It is conchlded that the microstructure superfining of electrode materials can induce the abnormal arc feature, which may be used to ccntrol the arc behavior.%系统研究了非晶、纳米晶电极材料表面电弧的基本规律。结果表明,大幅度细化显微组织能够改变电极材料表面电弧的基本行为。经过组织细化,电弧的萌生从点发射改变为面发射,电弧斑点尺寸依赖于电极材料第二相尺寸,电弧分布从集中分布变为弥散分布。
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