肿瘤是因细胞生长调控机制失控而引起的疾病,严重威胁了人类生命健康.虽然目前有多种疗法用于肿瘤治疗,但是效果均不理想.化疗是目前最常用的治疗方法之一,然而其严重不良反应和产生耐药性影响了化疗药物的治疗效果.人参皂苷Rg3是从人参中分离出来的主要成分之一,其在预防和治疗癌症中起重要作用.人参皂苷Rg3的抗肿瘤机制主要包括诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制增殖、转移和血管生成,以及解除免疫抑制、促进免疫应答.此外,人参皂苷Rg3与化疗联合可协同改善治疗效果和减少不良反应.本文将近年关于人参皂苷Rg3的文献作一综述,以便更全面地了解人参皂苷Rg3在实体肿瘤中的应用.%Cancer,a group of various diseases involving unregulated cell growth,it is a life-threatening disease with an alarmingly increased annual mortality rate globally.Although various therapies are used for cancer treatment,the effect is not satisfactory.Chemotherapy is one of the most commonly used mothods of treatment.However,severe adverse reactions and drug resistance always influence the chemotherapy effect.Ginseng is traditional Chinese medicine,ginsenoside Rg3 is the main pharmacologically active component in ginseng and has been reported to have an antitumor effect,which was originally used in ancient times for the treatment of diseases.This review sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the cancer chemotherapeutic activity of ginsenoside Rg3 with particular focus on the mechanism associated with cell proliferation,apoptosis,angiogenesis,inflammation and the metastasis of cancer cells.The review can enhance the understanding of the anticancer mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg3,provide directions for clinical practice and give more information for developing novel anticancer agents with high efficiency,low toxicity and weak resistance.
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