[目的]通过生态敏感性评价,可以确定优先发展区域以及重点保护区域,其结果是制定土地利用规划和生态功能区划的基础.[方法]文章以青龙满族自治县为研究对象,结合实际选取了土壤侵蚀敏感性、沙漠化敏感性和生境敏感性3个评价因子,在单因子敏感性评价的基础上,根据"木桶原理"运用GIS工具进行生态敏感性综合评价,并按评价结果进行敏感性等级分区.[结果]青龙满族自治县极敏感性区域主要分布在都山林场、八道河乡、祖山镇、马圈子镇西北部、凉水河乡东部、肖营子镇东北部、七道河乡东部以及草碾乡与官场乡紧邻桃林口水库的区域,占该县总面积的21.37%;高度敏感区域主要分布在祖山镇、木头凳镇、安子岭乡、八道河乡和官厂乡,占该县总面积的48.16%;中度敏感区的分布与高度敏感区基本一致,占该县总面积的17.27%;轻度敏感区域占该县总面积的13.20%,包括除去上述地区的该县其他地区,主要为村镇建设用地.县域极敏感性区和高度敏感区面积占比达69.53%,整体生态敏感性较高.[结论]针对不同的区域,该文分别提出了针对性的保护和开发建议,极度和高度敏感性区域的工作重点是保护而非资源开发,生态中度敏感区最应处理好"开发与保护"的关系,而对于轻度敏感区域,仍要坚持"生态优先"的原则,保证"生活三废"和"工业三废"的合理排放.%Taking Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County as the research object, on the basis of the reality of the county′s situation,this paper evaluated the ecological sensitivity from three factors,such as soil erosion sensitivity, desertification sensitivity and habitat sensitivity, using the methods of single factor sensitivity and GIS technique. And then,it zoned the county based on the ranked ecological sensitivity.The results showed that the most sensitive regions mainly distributed in Dushan Forest Farm,Badaohe town,Zushan town, the northwest of Maquanzi town, the east of Liangshuihe town,the northeast of Xiaoyingzi town, the east of Qidaohe town, as well as the areas of Caonian town and Guangchang town closed to Taolinkou Reservoir,which accounted for 21.37%of the total areas of the county;the highly sensitive areas mainly distributed in Zushan town,Mutoudeng town,Anziling town,Bada-ohe town and Guangchang town,which accounted for 48.16%of the total areas of the county;the distributed areas with moderately sensitive areas were consistent with the highly sensitive areas,which accounted for 17.27%of the total areas of the county;and the slight sensitive areas accounted for only 13.20%of the total areas of the county, which distributed in the remaining areas of the county.The most sensitive areas and the highly sensitive areas ac-counted for 69.53%of the total areas of the county,so the ecological sensitivity was high as a whole in the county. Finally,some suggestions for protection and development were put forward for different areas, the extremely and highly sensitive areas should focus on the work of protection rather than the development of resources.Besides,the relationship between development and protection should be handled well in the ecological moderate sensitive areas. As for the light sensitive areas,it still should adhere to the principle of "ecological priority",and to ensure the rea-sonable discharge of "life wastes"and "industrial waste".The results can provide a reference for ecological sensi-tivity evaluation in similar counties.
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