森林火烧是一种自然或人为因素产生的干扰,能够改变当地土壤的物理性质、 化学性质及生物指标,对土壤的性质与土壤的肥力影响较大,对农业生态系统的结构与功能影响深远.作为我国重点的国有林区,大兴安岭地区林地面积广阔,森林覆盖率高,是我国生态安全的重要保障区,拥有丰富的林业资源,林下适生农业经济作物有500多种,林木、 柞蚕、 林果及中草药等绿色种养产业的资源十分丰富,是当前大兴安岭发展现代农业的主要模式.大兴安岭是我国森林火灾的多发区,文章对近年来国内专家学者对火烧影响森林土壤的理化性质与生物指标等众多研究成果进行综合评述,近年来,研究者从大兴安岭不同地区、 不同林火种类与林火强度系统分析并研究了火烧对土壤生境质量的影响,该文通过对其进行归纳总结,旨在为该地区的火烧迹地植被恢复及农业林下经济的科学经营管理提供科学依据.%Forest fire is a natural or man-made factor and can change the physical, chemical properties and bio-logical indicators of the soil, and even has great impact on the soil properties and fertilities, as well as the structure and function of the agricultural ecosystem. As China's key state-owned forest, Greater Xing' an mountain region has the vast forest area and high forest coverage rate, which is the important guarantee for the ecological safety of our country. There are more than 500 species of agricultural crops in the abundant forest resources. The main mode of modern agriculture is green farming and breeding industry such as trees, tussah silk, fruit and herbs etc. , in Greater Xing' an mountains. But Greater Xing' an mountain region is the area that the forest fire happened frequently in China. This paper reviewed the effects of fire on forest soil's physical and chemical properties and biological indi-cators in recent years, with the aim to provide a scientific basis for the vegetation restoration in the burned forest and scientific management of agriculture forest economy.
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