食物是人类生存与获取营养的来源之一,国家居民食物消费水平与结构不仅同整个国家的经济发展水平有着密切联系,而且还是衡量国家或地区人民生活质量的重要标准.吉林省作为我国农业大省,自改革开放30多年以来,农村居民生活水平得到了很大的提高,食物消费水平与结构也得到相应改善.但与城镇居民、 与其他发达省份农村居民相比,食物消费的水平与结构仍存在很大差距,与国家阶段性目标相比,差距更大.而与城镇居民相比,农村居民在食物消费方面有着自身的特殊性,农村居民在食物供应链中既是食物的供应者又是食物的消费者,在农村居民的食物消费中既包括了自给自足的部分,又包括市场上购买的一部分.作为农业大省的吉林,农村居民食物消费有其独有的特点,因此影响农村居民食物消费的因素也有其特殊性.文章从经济、 政策、 社会、 生产因素等视角对吉林省农村居民食物消费的影响因素进行了分析.并利用回归模型对吉林省农村居民食物消费的影响因素进行实证检验,结果表明:农村居民家庭经营收入、 工资性收入、 购买食物占食物消费比重对农村居民食物消费有显著的影响,该文据此提出拓展从事农业生产收入的增长空间、 提高农村居民工资性收入及加强吉林省农村市场建设的建议.%Food is one of the sources for human survival and nutrition. The food consumption level and structure not only has close relationship with the whole country's economic development level, but also plays an important role in measuring people's life quality. As one of the largest agricultural provinces, Jilin province has made great im-provement in rural residents' living level and food consumption level and structure since the reform and opening up policy. However, the food consumption level and structure of rural areas is far behind that of urban and other devel-oped rural areas. What's more, rural residents have its particularity in food consumption because they are both sup-pliers and consumers in the food supply chain. It means that what the rural residents consumed come from both themselves and the market. This paper deeply analyzed the influencing factors of rural residents' food consumption in Jilin province from perspectives of economy, policy, society and production, and empirically studied the factors affecting the food consumption of rural residents in Jilin province. The proportion of income, the wage, the food ex-penses in food consumption had significant effects on rural residents' food consumption. Finally, the paper put for-ward some suggestions including expanding the growth space of agricultural income, improving wages for rural resi-dents, and strengthening the construction of rural market in Jilin province.
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