根据两湖地区(湖北省和湖南省)34个气象站1961-2017年逐日气象资料和早、中稻各28个农业气象站1981-2011年生育期观测资料,采用数理统计、线性回归法、ArcGIS的反距离权重(IDW)空间分析功能,对两湖地区各省早、中稻抽穗开花期高温热害的时空分布进行分析.结果表明:(1)湖北省、湖南省早稻高温热害日数和频次在21世纪00年代最多,20世纪60年代、2010-2017年次之,80年代最少;两省中稻高温热害日数和频次在70年代最多,60年代、21世纪00年代、2010-2017年次之,80年代最少.(2)早稻高温热害日数和频次高值区分布在鄂东南、湘南,低值区分布在鄂西南、湘西;中稻高温热害日数和频次的高值区分布在鄂东北、鄂东南、鄂西南、湘西、湘南,低值区分布在鄂西北、湘西.(3)各级别早、中稻高温热害在湖北、湖南两省的发生频数表现为轻度>中度>重度,且湖南省发生程度比湖北严重;两省均表现为中稻高温热害发生比早稻严重.%Temporal and spatial distribution of early and middle rice during heading and flowering stage in Hubei and Hunan province (i.e.the two-lake region) was analyzed using the daily meteorological data of 34 meteorological sites from 1961 to 2017 year and observation data of annual growth period of 28 agrometeorological sites from 1981to 2011.Linear regression method and ArcGIS's inverse distance weight (IDW) spatial analysis function was used in this study.The results showed that, (1) days and times of heat damage on early rice in Hubei and Hunan provinces was the most in 2000s, followed by 1960s and 2010-2017, the least in 1980s;The heat damage days and times on middle rice in Hubei and Hunan provinces was the most in 1970s, followed by 1960s and 2000s and 2010-2017, the least in 1980s. (2) The heat damage days and times on early rice high value areas was distributed in southeastern Hubei and southern Hunan, and the low value areas was distributed in southwestern Hubei and western Hunan;The heat damage days and times on middle rice was distributed in northeastern Hubei, southeastern Hubei, southwestern Hubei, western Hunan, and southern Hunan, and low value areas was distributed in northwestern Hubei and western Hunan. (3) The heat damage times on early rice and middle rice in Hunan and Hubei is slight greater than moderate, and moderate greater than severe;The heat damage times on early rice and middle rice Hunan is more serious than Hubei;The heat damage of Hubei and Hunan middle rice is more serious than early rice.
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