普鲁兰酶是能够水解支链淀粉α-1,6-糖苷键的脱支酶,主要应用于食品加工工业,但目前能够满足工业过程要求的普鲁兰酶仍较为有限.利用现代生物技术的新型普鲁兰酶产生菌种的选育、普鲁兰酶的异源表达、基于蛋白结构特征的酶分子改造为具有工业属性普鲁兰酶的开发提供了新的手段.此外,通过底物修饰和固定化也能在一定程度上改善普鲁兰酶的催化特性与功能.主要综述了普鲁兰酶的发现、表达与改造及性能改善方法等方面的研究进展.%Pullulanase is a kind of direct endo-acting de-branching enzyme that specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of α-1,6-glucosidic linkages of unmodified substrate to give linear oligosaceharides, and mainly used in food industry. However, so far the available pullulanase is yet limited to meet the industrial requirements. Resent developments in advanced biotechnology have provided some approaches for highly efficient screening, expression and engineering of pulluanase with industrial properties. Otherwise, the substrate modification and the immobilization are adopted to improve the catalytic function of the enzyme at some level. This paper mainly summarizes the research advances in discovery, expression and engineering of pullulanase for the development of its application potential.
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