To explore the significance of the application of standardized special staining technique in pathologic diagnosis of pulmonary fungal infectious diseases.Methods Final pathologic diagnosis of 104 cases pulmonary fungus infection disease in Beijing Chaoyang hospital from September 2011 to March 2016 were selected;HE staining only,HE staining combined with the traditional manual special staining method PAS and hexamine silver,and HE staining combined with automatic special staining PAS and hexamine-silver were used and compared.The two kinds of special staining technology were compared;the microscopic observation,analysis results (all the first staining results,not including the results of complex staining),the results on the basis of final pathologic diagnosis were also compared with the clinical preliminary diagnosis.Results Lung fungal infectious disease diagnosis rate and fungal classification rate,from low to high order consistence,showed that for the primary clinical diagnosis (29.8％ and 19.2％),HE staining (32.7％ and 32.7％),HE staining combined with traditional manual special staining method PAS and hexamine silver (90.4％ and 87.5％),and HE staining combined with automatic special staining PAS and hexamine-silver (98.1％ and 94.2％).The four methods were statistically significant on two aspects (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01);the fourth method was significantly different from the first two (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01).The fourth method was significantly different from the third kind of diagnosis rate (P ＜ 0.05),typing rate was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).But automatic special dyeing method of PAS and hexamine silver steps were more simple,with standardized chemical reagents,no artificial and environmental factors,short time-consuming,and less number of dropping-off and restaining of the section.Conclusion HE staining and its combination with automatic special staining of PAS and hexamine silver are much more standardized,and help to improve the diagnosis of pulmonary fungal infectious diseases and fungal classification rate.%目的 探讨规范化特殊染色技术在肺真菌感染性疾病病理诊断中应用的意义.方法 选取2011年9月～2016年3月北京朝阳医院最终病理诊断为肺真菌感染性疾病104例,行HE染色、HE染色联合传统手工特殊染色法染过碘酸雪夫氏染色(PAS)及六胺银和HE染色联合全自动特殊染色法染PAS及六胺银,将两种特染技术规范化比较,镜下观察分析结果(均为初次染色结果,不包括复染结果),以最终病理诊断结果为标准,与临床初诊结果比较.结果 肺真菌感染性疾病确诊率和真菌分型率,从低到高顺序一致,为临床初步诊断(29.8％和19.2％)、HE染色法(32.7％和32.7％)、HE染色联合传统手工特殊染色法染PAS和六胺银(90.4％和87.5％)、HE染色联合全自动特殊染色法染PAS和六胺银(98.1％和94.2％).这4种方法从两方面比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.01),第4种方法与前两种比较方法差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.01,P＜0.01),与第3种方法比较确诊率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),分型率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).但全自动特殊染色法染PAS及六胺银操作步骤更简单,化学试剂规范化,无人工和环境因素影响,耗时短,脱片和复染张数更少.结论 HE染色法联合全自动特殊染色法染PAS和六胺银更加规范化,有助于提高肺真菌感染性疾病的确诊率和真菌分型率.
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