Purpose To summarize the clinicopathologic features of epiglottic diseases and to provide reference for clinic and pathologic diagnosis. Methods The samples of 638 cases of epiglottic diseases were collected and disease constituent ratio, age and sex distribution were analysed and clinicopathologic features were observed. Results ( 1 ) Disease constituent ratio decreased from epithelial tumors and tumour-like lesions, inflammatory diseases, lymphatic tissue proliferative diseases to soft tissue tumors and tumour-like lesions. ( 2 ) Among epithelial tumors and tumour-like lesions ( 497 cases ), the benign lesions were mostly cyst ( 322 cases, account for 50. 5％ in total diseases and 63.9％ in total benign lesions ) and the malignant lesions were predominant squamous cell carcinoma ( 123 cases,account for 19. 3％ in total diseases and 91.8％ in total malignant lesions ). Benign and malignant ratio was 2. 9:1. Inflammatory diseases ( 94 cases, account for 14.8％ in total diseases ) often occurred in males. Among lymphatic tissue proliferative diseases, lymphatic tissues reactive hyperplasia ( 34 cases ) were more than lymphoma ( 7 cases ). Benign and malignant ratio was 4. 9: 1. Soft tissue tumors and tumour-like lesions ( 6 cases, account for 0. 9％ in total disease ) were all benign. Conclusions Lots of types of diseases can arise at epiglottis, in which epithelial tumors and tumour-like lesions are common. The pathologic changes are similar to those in other locations.%目的 总结会厌部疾病的临床病理特点,为临床及病理诊断提供帮助和参考.方法 收集会厌部疾病638例,统计其构成比、发病年龄及性别分布,观察其临床病理变化特点.结果 (1)该组会厌疾病总的构成比排序如下:上皮性肿瘤及瘤样病变＞炎症性疾病＞淋巴组织增生性疾病＞软组织肿瘤及瘤样病变.(2)上皮性肿瘤及瘤样病变497例(77.9%),其中良性者以囊肿最多(322例),占总例数的50.5%,占良性病例总例数的63.9%(322/504),多分布在21～70岁;恶性者以鳞状细胞癌最多(123例),占总例数的19.3%,占恶性病例总数的91.8%(123/134),以61～70岁为高发年龄段;良、恶性比为2.9:1.炎症性疾病94例(14.8%),男性多见.淋巴组织增生性疾病41例(6.4%),其中淋巴组织反应性增生34例,淋巴瘤7例,良恶性的比例为4.9:1.软组织肿瘤及瘤样病变6例(0.9%),均为良性.结论 会厌部可以发生多种类型的疾病,以上皮性肿瘤及瘤样病变的发病率最高,其病理改变与全身其它部位者相同或相似.
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