维持性血液透析(MHD)患者在血液透析(HD)治疗过程中发生血压变化即血压变异性(BPV)的概率很高.血压变异性对MHD患者中枢神经系统及心血管系统均存在不良影响,可增加MHD患者心脑血管并发症的发生率、非导管相关性住院率及死亡率.由于在HD过程中出现的血压大幅度波动会直接影响HD的正常进行,甚至迫使治疗提前结束,从而导致透析充分性不足、治疗效果差,严重者可危及生命,因此,有效控制透析过程中BPV至关重要.该研究对MHD患者于HD过程中出现BPV的定义、发病率、发病机制等做一综述.%The incidence of blood pressure variability among patients with maintenance hemodialysis during the process of hemodialysis therapya is high,a large number of studies have confirmed that BPV had bad influence central nervous and cardiovascular system of patients with MHD and makes adverse effects,it can increase the incidence of cardiovascular complications in MHD patients,non catheter-related hospitalization rate and mortality rate.Because of the blood pressure fluctuations in the HD process will directly affect the normal running of HD,and even forced treatment ended early,resulting in inadequate dialysis adequacy,poor treatment effect,life-threatening in severe cases,therefore,effective control BPV during dialysis is crucial.This paper will reviewed its definition,incidence and pathogenesis.
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