Objective To explore the gender-related differences in etiology and outcomes of congestive heart failure(CHF)in hospitalized patients. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 6949 patients (4344 males, 2605 females) with a validated primary discharge diagnosis of CHF hospitalized from January 1,1993,through December 31,2007. The patients were divided into two groups according to the gender, to explore the gender-related differences in etiology and 30-days in-hospital mortality. Results Irrespective of etiology in hospitalized patients with CHF,men were more coronary artery disease (49.6% ,P=0.000) .hypertension (39.3% ,P = 0.000)and cardiomy-opathy(8.0%,P =0.001). Women were more valvular disease(37. 5% ,P =0. 000) ,cor pulmonale( 10. 6% ,P = 0.008) and hyperthyrosis (1.0% ,P = 0.002). Hospital mortality of heart failure was higher among women than among men between the age ranges 18-29 years,in-hospital mortality was almost threefold (4.8% vs 1.7% ,P =0.000) ,and by age ranges ≥80 years (16.1 % vs 11.4% ,P =0.000). With the rising of age, both men and women were all high in-hospital mortality. Conclusion In-hospital mortality differ by both gender and etiology among hospitalized patients with CHF. Understanding these differences can help better management of CHF patients and improved overall prognosis.%目的 调查不同性别对心力衰竭住院患者病因和预后的影响.方法 1993年1月至2007年12月初次住院有效诊断充血性心力衰竭患者6949例(男4344例,女2605例),按照性别不同分成2组,比较各组间的病因及30 d在院病死率.结果 心力衰竭住院患者中,男性病因以冠心病(49.6％)、高血压(39.3％)和心肌病(8.0％)为主.而女性以瓣膜性心脏病(37.5％),肺心病(10.6％)和甲亢(1.0％)为主.在18 ～29岁人群组,女性的死亡率几乎为男性的3倍(4.8％vs 1.7％)；在≥80岁以上人群组,女性死亡率显著高于男性( 16.1％ vs 11.4％).随着年龄增长,男性和女性死亡率均增加.结论 性别不同,心力衰竭住院患者的病因和在院死亡率不同.
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