目的：探讨上海市青浦区结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis ，M ．tb）的主要分型及其人群分布特点。方法：收集2011年12月—2013年12月上海中山医院青浦分院分离培养的266株M ．tb ，分别提取M ．tb基因组，应用多重PCR法鉴定北京基因型和非北京基因型，并分析两种分型在本地区不同性别、年龄及户籍患者中的分布差异。结果：266株M ．tb中，北京基因型菌株242株（90．98％），非北京基因型24株（9．02％），差异有显著统计学意义（χ2＝357．32，P＜0．01）。进一步研究发现，北京基因型菌株与非北京基因型菌株在不同性别（χ2＝0．071，P＞0．05）、不同年龄（χ2＝0．152，P＞0．05）及不同户籍（χ2＝0．053，P＞0．05）的人群分布的差异无统计学意义。结论：北京基因型菌株可能是上海市青浦区M ．tb的主要流行株，但其分布与性别、年龄及户籍的关系不明显。%Objective:To explore the predominant genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M .tb)and its population distribu‐tion in Qingpu District of Shanghai City .Methods:A total of 266 M .tb isolates were collected from Qingpu Branch of Zhongs‐han Hospital from December 2011 to December 2013 ,of which the genomes were extracted .Bejing genotype and non‐Bejing genotype were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR) ,and the differences regarding distributions in gender , age ,and domicile population between the two genotypes were analyzed .Results:Among the 266 M .tb isolates ,there were 242 strains(90 .98% ) of Bejing genotype and 24 strains(9 .02% ) of non‐Bejing genotype ,and the difference was statistically signifi‐cant (χ2 =357 .32 ,P<0 .01) .But there was no significant difference between Bejing genotype and non‐Bejing genotype regard‐ing population distribution in different gender (χ2 =0 .071 ,P>0 .05) ,age(χ2 =0 .152 ,P>0 .05)and domicile (χ2 =0 .053 ,P>0 .05) .Conclusions:The main popular strain of M .tb in Qingpu District of Shanghai City may be Bejing genotype ,but its dis‐tribution was not significantly related with gender ,age and domicile .
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