Objective To compare the efficacy between posterior lumbar interbody fusion and transforamihal lumbar interbody fusion in treating degenerative spondylolisthesis and instability .Methods Select 64 patients with degenerative lum-bar spondylolisthesis and instability between March 2009 and March 2012 .These patients were randomly divided into observa-tion group and control group with 32 cases in each group .Observation group were treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and control group were treated with posterior lumbar interbody fusion treatment .Compare the treatment effect of the two groups.Results The mean operative time of observation group were (129.3 ±22.1) min, significantly shorter than the con-trol group (153.1 ±19.8) min ( P <0.05);observation group's average blood loss was (376.4 ±89.7) ml, significantly lower than the control group (501.1 ±65.7) ml ( P <0.05);average length of staying in hospital in the observation group were (8.9 ±1.7) d, significantly shorter than the control group (17.6 ±2.4) d ( P <0.05).Observation group's incidence of postoperative complications (6.25%) was significantly lower than the control group (15.63%, P <0.05).Both the two groups of patients after surgery VAS scores were decreased ( P <0 .05 ); while between the two groups after surgery , VAS scores showed no significant difference in reduction rate ( P >0 .05 ) .Conclusion Both posterior lumbar interbody fusion and transforamihal lumbar interbody fusion in treating degenerative spondylolisthesis and instability had significant effect and should be selected by the actual condition of different patients .%目的：比较经椎间孔与后路腰椎椎体间融合治疗退行性腰椎滑脱与不稳的疗效。方法选取2009年3月-2012年3月间收治的退行性腰椎滑脱与不稳患者64例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组32例。观察组患者给予经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合治疗，对照组患者给予后路腰椎椎体间融合治疗。比较2组治疗效果。结果观察组患者平均手术时间为（129弿．3±22．1）min，明显短于对照组的（153．1±19．8）min（ P ＜0．05）；观察组患者平均术中出血量为（376．4±89．7） ml，明显低于对照组的（501．1±65．7） ml（ P ＜0．05）；观察组患者的平均住院时间为（8．9±1．7）d，明显短于对照组的（17．6±2．4）d（ P ＜0．05）。观察组患者术后并发症的发生率（6．25％）明显低于对照组（15．63％）（ P ＜0．05）。2组患者术后VAS评分均较术前降低（ P ＜0．05）；而术后2组间比较，VAS评分及复位率差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）。结论经椎间孔与后路腰椎椎体间融合治疗退行性腰椎滑脱与不稳均有较好的临床疗效，前者具有手术创伤小、术中出血量少、安全性高的优点，要根据患者的实际情况进行选择。
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