Argus Ⅱ人工视网膜植入系统是首例经美国FDA和欧洲CE批准临床应用的视网膜植入设备,临床用于外层视网膜致盲患者的功能视觉恢复,是目前广泛应用的人工视觉植入系统.Argus Ⅱ系统的工作原理是通过摄像机捕捉图像,转化为特定频率的电信号,传输至位于视网膜前的电极芯片,直接刺激内层视网膜形成视觉,从而取代了光受体细胞的功能.植入Argus Ⅱ系统的患者辨认视觉、靶向定位、运动识别和导航能力均有显著提高,少数会发生由植入设备或手术引起的结膜糜烂、低眼压和无菌性眼内炎等不良事件,但均可通过医疗干预缓解.Argus Ⅱ系统未来的发展不仅包括图像处理软件的升级和电极芯片等硬件系统的完善,视网膜视觉信号传输处理机制的研究突破更会助力其发展.本文就Argus Ⅱ人工视网膜系统的生理基础、工作原理、疗效评估和未来的发展趋势进行综述.%Argus Ⅱ retinal prosthesis system (Argus Ⅱ;Second Sight Medical products,Sylmar,CA) is the first prosthetic retinal device approved for humanitarian use by both FDA in America and CE in Europe.It is a potential treatment for patients with end-stage outer retinal diseases.The system contains several parts,the camera first captures image and transfers it into electrical stimulating parameters conveying spatial-temporal information.The microelectrode epiretinal array then stimulate underlying bipolar cells and retinal ganglion cells.Patients present significant increases on levels of discrimination,target localization,motion detection and navigation.Possible adverse events include conjunctival erosion,hypotony and culture-negative presumed endophthalmitis.Future developments of the Argus Ⅱ system will not only comprise upgrading of image processing software and hardware,but also further disclosing retinal and visual signal processing mechanism.
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