Objective To understand health custom present situation in primary and secondary school students,in order to carry out the health education in target-oriented.Methods Using multi-stage stratified random sampling,4154 grade 4 and grade 6 students from Beijing,Jiangsu,Henan,Hubei,Shaanxi,Guangxi were investigated with the ques-tionnaire.Results Totally 4154 pupils were selected of which 1913 (53.95%)were in Grade 4 and 2241 (53.95%) were in Grade 6.63.36% of ents have the habit of washing hands before eating,73.57% of dents wash hands after using the toilet,53.27% of dents use soap to wash hands,94.80% of dents have their own towel and 77.92% of ils brush teeth in morning and night.Girls in grade 4 were better than boys in those habits as washing hands and brush teeth (P <0.01 ). Girls in grade 6 were better than boys in those habits as washing hand by soap and bush teeth (P <0.01).By the observa-tion,only 20.6% of boys and 26.84% of girls washed hands after using toilet.Multiple logistic analysis demonstrated that area (OR =1.280,95%CI:1.080 -1.517),gender (OR =1.444,95%CI:1.264 -1.649),age (OR =1.648, 95%CI:1.099 -2.473)are have huge influence in pupils’habits.Conclusion Students in the city of western area are have better habits than other area;girls are better than boys in the aspect of personal hygiene;schools and parents take an important role in correcting pupils’bad health habits.%目的：了解我国小学生个人常见卫生习惯及健康状况，以便有针对性地开展小学生健康教育提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层 PPS 抽样方法，抽取北京、江苏、河南、湖北、陕西、广西6个省（市）自治区4154名城市小学四、六年级的学生，利用自制问卷进行调查。结果收到有效问卷4154份，四年级1913份，占46．05％，六年级2241份，占53．95％。小学生总体自报“饭前洗手率”为63．36％，“如厕后洗手率”为73．57％，“洗手时使用香皂（洗手液）等”为53．27％，有“属于自己的毛巾”为94．80％，“早晚刷牙率”为77．92％。四年级女生吃饭前洗手、如厕后洗手、刷牙自报情况均好于男生（P ＜0．01）。六年女生如厕后洗手、洗手时使用香皂、刷牙自报情况均好于男生（P ＜0．01）。通过对调查学校课间学生便后洗手情况进行现场观察，男生洗手率为20．6％，女生洗手率为26．84％。观察率低于自报率。多因素 Logistic 回归分析结果，地区（OR ＝1．280，95％CI：1．080～1．517），性别（OR ＝1．444，95％ CI：1．264～1．649），年龄（OR ＝1．648，95％ CI：1．099～2．473）对小学生个人卫生习惯有很大影响。结论东部地区城市小学生个人卫生情况较好；女学生的个人卫生情况优于男学生；学校与家长的督促对纠正小学生不良卫生习惯有着十分重要的作用。
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