目的：了解高血压急症（亚急症）发病率及诱因，为医护人员有针对性地开展科学的健康教育打下基础。方法定量和定性研究相结合。定量研究采用多阶段抽样的方法，抽取兰州市5家三甲医院中入院患者中的604例高血压患者，采用问卷调查获得数据，并通过χ2检验和多因素 Logistic 回归分析对数据进行分析。定性研究则随机抽取50例高血压患者进行个人访谈，了解其对高血压急症（亚急症）的认识和感受。结果定量研究结果显示，高血压急症（亚急症）发病率为21．9％。Logistic 回归分析结果显示，年龄越大，发病率越高，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）；回族的发病率（42．3％）显著高于汉族（19．6％）（P ＜0．01）；服药依从性佳者的发病率（27．6％）显著低于服药依从性差者（11．9％）（P ＜0．01）。定性研究结果显示，入院高血压患者对高血压急症（亚急症）的危害性认识深刻，表现出积极应对的决心。结论年龄、民族、服药依从性是入院高血压患者中高血压急症（亚急症）发病的主要影响因素。因此，实施健康教育和提高服药应从性是预防高血压急症（亚急症）的发生和提高高血压患者的生活质量的重要策略。%Objective To know the incidence rate and inducement of hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergen-cy),and then provide basis for doctors and nurses to carry out health education.Methods Quantitative and qualitative studies were combined.Quantitative research:the multi-stage sampling method and a questionnaire survey were used among 604 hypertensive patients and their affecting factors were analyzed.The data were analyzed by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Qualitative research:50 hypertensive patients were randomly sampled to investigate their knowl-edge and feelings on hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergency)through interviews.Results The quantitative research in-dicated the incidence rate of hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergency)was 21.9%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence rate statistically rose with the increase of patients’ages (P <0.05);the Hui people (42.3%)had sig-nificantly higher incidence rate than the Han people (19.6%);the patients with better compliance to antihypertension ther-apy (27.6%) had significantly higher incidence rate than those with worse compliance to antihypertension therapy (11.9%)(P <0.01).The qualitative research showed that the hospitalized patients with hypertension had a profound un-derstanding of the dangers of the hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergency) and a positive responding determina-tion.Conclusion Ages,nationality and compliance to antihypertension therapy was the main factors affecting incidence rate of hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergency).Therefore,strengthening health education for the hospitalized patients with hypertension by doctors and nurses and improving their compliance to antihypertension therapy are effective strategies to pro-tect against incidence of hypertensive emergency (or sub-emergency)and improve their life quality.
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