Objective To understand HIV mother-to-child transmission prevention awareness and related factors a-mong puerperants in rural area of Zhuhai City.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was employed to collect data from 205 puerperants in 5 hospitals.Results 6 1.27%of participants had received junior high school education or below.The av-erage score for knowledge of high risk behavior and path for transmission of HIV was (3.75 ±1.43 ).40% of participants knew the transmission path of HIV.Our study found that rate of HIV antibody test in the puerperants who had high risk be-haviors was not higher than that of those who had no risk behaviors.Different rates of HIV antibody test were found in differ-ent age,occupation,education background and those acquired information of HIV during pregnancy (P<0.05 ).The lo-gistic regression analysis results showed that education background (OR=0.521 ) and HIV counseling (OR=20.384) were the main related factors.Information about HIV came from mass media (47.8%) and hospital staffs (41%).Con-clusion Health education for HIV prevention among puerperants should be promoted.Publicity and education are important method to enhance puerperants cognition of HIV prevention.The face-to-face counseling will be an effective measure.%目的了解珠海市农村地区产妇对预防艾滋病病毒（HIV）母婴传播项目的认知、态度行为以及相关影响因素。方法自设结构式问卷，随机抽取珠海市斗门区2011年9-10月在5所镇卫生院及区医院分娩的产妇共205名，进行问卷调查。结果本区产妇初中文化及以下者占61.27％，HIV传播途径和高危行为认知评价得分为（3.75±1.43）分，对HIV母婴传播的知晓率为40％。有过高危行为的产妇其HIV检测率并不更高，而不同的年龄、职业、文化程度、HIV信息获得的产妇中其HIV检测率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，文化程度（OR＝0.521）及HIV的咨询情况（OR＝20.384）是影响产妇检查HIV的主要因素。产妇获得艾滋病信息的渠道主要是电视广播（47.8％）、医务人员/医院（41％）。结论珠海市斗门区的艾滋病宣教工作亟需加强，影响对艾滋病的认知的主要因素是文化程度和知识获得，在文化程度不高的人群中，宣传教育尤为重要，采用面对面的宣教方式效果可观。
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