目的 探讨年龄、开始吸烟年龄等年龄相关因素与尼古丁依赖之间的关系,为开展控烟工作提供参考依据.方法 采用尼古丁依赖标准评估量表(FTND),对522名天津市城区吸烟者的尼古丁依赖程度进行定量分析.比较不同年龄组、开始吸烟年龄组间每日吸烟量(CPD)、FTND得分、偏FTND(Partial FTND)得分以及尼古丁高度依赖率等的差异,并对年龄相关因素与FTND得分进行相关性分析.结果 天津市城区居民吸烟者FTND平均得分为(3.92±2.72)分,且有30.3％的吸烟者存在尼古丁依赖现象.其中,男性FTND得分平均为(3.88±2.73)分,女性平均得分为(4.31±2.65)分.FTND、CPD、偏FTND三者与年龄之间并非直线相关,而是大致呈现“倒U型”分布,三者的均数和尼古丁高度依赖率均表现为中年组高于青年组和老年组.开始吸烟年龄与尼古丁依赖呈负相关,开始吸烟年龄越小,平均每日吸烟量越大,尼古丁依赖程度也越严重.结论 天津市城区居民吸烟者尼古丁依赖严重,妇女、老年人以及青少年是控烟的重点关注人群,应根据不同年龄段吸烟者尼古丁依赖的特点制定相应政策和干预措施.%Objective To explore the relationship between nicotine dependence and age-associated factors, and aim to provide reference for tobacco control. Methods Applying Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence, the differences of CPD, FTND, partial FTND and the rate of highly dependent on nicotine among different age groups were compared in 522 smokers among residents in Tianjin. Subsequently, correlation analysis was performed between nicotine dependence and age-associated factors. Results The average FTND scores was (3. 92 ±2. 72) among all the smokers, with (3. 88 ± 2. 73) for males and (4. 31 ±2. 65) for females respectively. The smokers who were highly dependent on nicotine accoun-ted for 30. 3%. The relationship between nicotine dependence and age did not tend to be linear correlation. Nicotine de-pendence displayed an inverse U-shaped relationship with age, with a peak in the middle-aged group. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between age of smoking initiation and nicotine dependence. The one who started smoking earlier and smoked more daily had a higher FTND scores. Conclusion Nicotine dependence among residents in Tianjin is daunting. Women, the elder and the youth are important objectives for tobacco control. The results also suggested that tobacco control policies should target issues related to nicotine dependence according to age groups.
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