本文采用文献研究法，详细地分析了美国集团采购组织的基本特质及其对医疗卫生体制的影响。主要内容包括集团采购组织在美国的发展历程、组织类型、基本职能、采购药品的流程及其主要费用来源，集团采购组织的特点及对医院、供应商、监管机构产生的影响。研究认为，集团采购组织为美国医疗保健提供方节约了大量成本，在医疗供应链中发挥着重要作用。建议创新与完善我国药品采购制度应更大范围、更深程度地引入市场机制，妥善协调政府与市场在药品采购中的作用；并科学设置评标方法，兼顾药品质量与价格要素，注重采购的经济实用性。%In this paper, basic characteristics of group purchasing organizations ( GPOs) and its implications for US health care system are analyzed using a literature research method. The main contents include the development process, type, basic functions, drug procurement processes, fee sources, characteristics and influence for the hospi-tals, supplies, regulators of GPOs. We suggest that GPOs have helped US health care providers save a lot of money and played an important role in the healthcare supply chain. We also suggest that market mechanisms should be intro-duced widely concerning the model innovation and improvement of domestic drug procurement. At the same time, government and the market should be coordinated properly. Moreover, scientific evaluation methods should be set in consideration of drug quality, prices and its economic practicality.
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