ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of school-aged children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in 11 school-aged children with ADEM to summarize the characteristics of clinical features, laboratory results, treatment and prognosis.Results 8 cases had the history of pre infection or vaccination. The main clinical manifestations were fever, headache, vomiting, paralysis, convulsions, cranial nerve palsies, ataxia, sphincter disturbances, disturbance of consciousness etc. Cranial MRI could see multiple abnormal signal in intracranial and spinal cord. Most of the patients got improved signiifcantly by the use of hormones combined with the gamma globulin. During the follow-up of 12 months, except 2 cases lost to follow-up, 1 case with symptomatic epilepsy, 1 case had mild paralysis of the right lower extremity, 7 cases did not have obvious sequelae, disease recovery ideal.Conclusion School-aged children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis occur acutely, has a variety of clinical manifestations, and its prognosis is better by the application of hormones combined with the gamma globulin. The most important is timely diagnosis and treatment.%目的：探讨学龄期儿童急性播散性脑脊髓炎（ADEM）的临床特点及转归。方法对2010年3月—2015年3月收治的11例学龄期ADEM患儿的临床表现、实验室检查结果、治疗方案及预后进行回顾性分析。结果8例有前驱感染或疫苗接种史，临床主要表现发热、头痛、呕吐、瘫痪、惊厥、颅神经麻痹、共济失调、尿便障碍、意识障碍等。头颅MRI可见颅内、脊髓多发异常信号，使用甲泼尼龙联合丙种球蛋白冲击治疗，随访12个月中，除2例失访、1例遗留症状性癫痫、1例遗留右下肢轻瘫外，另7例未见明显后遗症，疾病恢复理想。结论学龄期儿童ADEM起病急，临床表现复杂多样，对激素联合丙种球蛋白冲击治疗反应较好，及时诊断、治疗大多预后良好。
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