Objective To understand the characteristics of population distribution,risk factors and risk links of occupational exposure among health care workers(HCWs)in a hospital.Methods Occupational exposure among HCWs between January 2011 and June 2014 were monitored,data about occupational categories of HCWs,expo-sure locations,exposure links and exposure modes were analyzed statistically.Results Among 286 occupational ex-posure cases,the female and male HCWs accounted for 22.03% (n=63)and 77.97% (n=223)respectively;the incidence of occupational exposure in 2011 ,2012,2013 and January-June of 2014 was 38.81 %(n=111),26.22% (n=75),23.43% (n=67)and 11 .54% (n=33)respectively;occupational exposure of junior nurses,doctors,nurs-ing attendants,technicians,senior nurses and cleaners was 31 .97%,19.90%,15.79%,7.64%,4.17%,and 2.84% respectively;exposure mainly occurred at the time of sorting waste,withdrawing or changing needles,dis-carding sharps into sharps containers,surgical suturing or instruments passing,and puncturing (including drawing blood),the constituent ratio was 22.38%,19.58%,14.34%,12.94% and 11 .19%,respectively;the main loca-tions where exposure occurred were wards,operating rooms and injection (treatment)rooms,the constituent ratio was 51 .40%,19.58% and 11 .54% respectively.Conclusion Hospital should establish comprehensive occupational exposure monitoring and risk management system,strengthen standard prevention,enhance the training about occu-pational exposure among high-risk population,and monitor and intervene on risk factors and links,so as to reduce the incidence of HCWs’occupational exposure.%目的：了解医务人员发生职业暴露人群的分布特征、危险因素与风险环节。方法对某院所有医务人员2011年1月—2014年6月发生的职业暴露进行风险监控，分别从发生职业暴露者的职业类别，暴露的地点、环节以及方式进行数据统计。结果286例次职业暴露者中，男性63例（22．03％），女性223例（77．97％）；2011年111例次（38．81％），2012年75例次（26．22％），2013年67例次（23．43％），2014年1—6月份33例次（11．54％）；对不同人群发生职业暴露者统计数据显示，各年度不同人群发生职业暴露所占百分比相似，由高到低依次为护士（31．97）％、医师（19．90％）、护工（15．79％）、技师（7．64％）、护师（4．17％）和保洁员（2．84％）；整理废物、拔针或更换针头、丢弃锐器入利器盒、手术缝合或器械传递、各种穿刺（含抽血）操作时的锐器伤是医务人员发生职业暴露损伤的主要风险环节，其构成比分别为22．38％、19．58％、14．34％、12．94％和11．19％；各年度职业暴露发生地点相似，主要是病房、手术室和注射（治疗）室，其构成比分别为51．40％、19．58％和11．54％。结论医院应建立完善的职业暴露监控与风险管理体系，强化标准预防，加强对职业暴露高危人群的培训，对风险环节及危险因素进行监控和干预，以有效降低医务人员职业暴露发生率。
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