Objective To study the influence of lasting or non-fasting in acute toxicity of alcohol extract of Radix Aconiti. Methods Totally 108 SD rats were divided into fasting group (48 rats) and non-fasting group (60 rats), 6 doses (2.25,4.5,9, 18,36, 72 g raw drug/kg) in each group. The fasting group was administrated after the rats were fasted 12 h. The toxic reaction and the death condition after administrations were observed for 14 days. Blood was collected for hematology and blood biochemistry analysis. Results It showed symptoms of poisoning in 4.5 g raw drug/kg and higher doses in fasting group, or in 36 g raw drug/kg and higher doses in non-fasting group. Main symptoms included wet body hair, staggering gait, rapid breathing, abdominal breathing, seizures. Some rats showed salivation, opisthotonus and death. Symptoms occurred within 10 min after administration for most rats, and the time of death was within 4 h after administration. The nervous system is the main target organ of Radix Aconiti acute toxicity. The causes of animal death may from heart failure and respiratory depression. The LDso of fasting group was 12.17 g/kg, and the non-fasting group was 75.27 g/kg, there was 6.18-fold difference between the 2 groups. Conclusion The toxicity of alcohol extract of Radix Aconiti in fasting group is higher than that in non-fasting group. Fasting has significant effect on acute toxicity.%目的 观察给予生川乌醇提物前禁食与未禁食对大鼠急性毒性的影响.方法 将108只SD大鼠分为禁食组(48只)与未禁食组(60只).禁食组每组8只,未禁食组每组10只,雌雄各半.2组分别依次设6个剂量组:2.25、4.5、9、18、36、72 g原药材/kg.禁食组于给药前禁食12 h.2组以20 mL/kg灌胃给药.观察14d并于观察结束后采集血液进行血液学和血生化分析.结果 禁食组半数致死量(LD50)为12.17 g原药材/kg,在4.5g原药材/kg及更高剂量下能观察到明显的中毒症状.未禁食组LD50为75.27 g原药材/kg,在36 g原药材/kg及更高剂量下能观察到明显的中毒症状.2组中毒症状一致,主要表现为全身被毛湿润、步态蹒跚、呼吸急促、腹式呼吸、抽搐,部分大鼠出现流涎、角弓反张等症状,甚至死亡.症状出现时间集中在给药后10 min内,出现死亡的时间集中在给药后4h内.根据观察到的症状初步认为川乌急性毒性的主要靶器官为神经系统.死亡动物解剖后,发现部分死亡动物肺部有水肿以及出血点,胸腔及肺组织中发现粉红色浆液和泡沫.根据解剖结果推测川乌急性毒性致动物死亡的主要原因可能是心脏衰竭与呼吸抑制.结论 给药前未禁食组LD50是禁食组LD50的6.18倍,未禁食组出现症状的剂量远远高于禁食组,禁食对生川乌醇提物毒性影响很大.
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