本文采用水热合成法,利用非离子表面活性剂聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷(P123)对有机溶剂均三甲苯(TMB)的增容作用,合成了大孔径介孔二氧化硅囊泡材料,首次通过控制有机溶剂TMB与无机硅源正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)的投料时间间隔t,实现对介孔二氧化硅囊泡材料结构的调变.通过小角X射线衍射和高分辨透射电镜(HTEM)检测技术对酸性P123模板体系中的材料结构转变过程进行了表征.结果表明,改变TMB与TEOS的投料时间间隔,能够实现介孔囊泡结构的调变,同时提出“协同囊泡模板”(cooperative vesicle templating,CVT)和“协同作用机制”(cooperative formation mechanism,FM)共存.通过简单合理的设计合成不同结构的介孔材料,以期开拓其在催化、分离以及医学等领域的潜在应用,也为合成其他介孔材料提供简单合理的设计思路.%Large pore size mesostructured silica vesicles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, utilizing the compatibilizing effects of block copolymer EO20PO70EO20 (P123) on trimethylbenzene (TMB). The vesicular or ordered meso-structured silica vesicles can be obtained firstly by changing the time interval between adding TMB and tetrathoxysilane (TEOS). The changes in the material structures were monitored by XRD and TEM technology. The experiment results showed that the time interval between adding TMB and TEOS can be rationally designed to prepare different structural mesoporous materials, and a reasonable explanation with the help of "cooperative vesicle templating" (CVT) and "cooperative self-assembly mechanism" (CFM) are proposed to explain the formation of vesicular or ordered meso-structured mesoporous silica. Such materials with different structures have potential applications in catalysis, separation and medical fields. The simple and rational design idea may provide a reference for the synthesis of other mesoporous materials.
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