The azimuthal anchoring energy can be calculated by designing nematic molecular alignment at two substrates to build a polarization grating configuration,based on the Frank elastic theory of ne-matic liquid crystals.The theoretical results can provide a powerful theoretical guidance for experi-mental measurement.In this paper,we study the azimuthal anchoring energy based on the elastic ani-sotropy of the nematic liquid crystals and obtain the analytic solutions of azimuthal anchoring energy related to the widths of dark stripes.The elastic anisotropy has a significant influence on the azimuthal anchoring energy.It is necessary to consider the elastic anisotropy to study the azimuthal anchoring energy because of the anisotropy of liquid crystal.%通过设计上下基板向列相液晶分子排列构建偏振光栅结构模型，并根据向列相液晶 Frank 弹性理论计算其方位锚定能，其理论结果可为实验测量提供有力的理论指导作用。本文根据弹性理论，考虑弹性各向异性计算了偏振光栅结构的方位锚定能，得到了方位锚定能与光栅条纹宽度关系的解析解。弹性各向异性对方位锚定能有着显著影响。由于液晶具有各向异性，考虑弹性各向异性研究方位锚定能是必要的，其结果更具有普遍性。
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