目的 探讨通气控制高分辨率CT(CV-HRCT)诊断婴幼儿小气道病变的价值.方法 对临床拟诊为小气道病变的30例婴幼儿,使用CV- HRCT进行呼气、吸气双气相扫描.选用主动脉弓上缘、隆突水平、左肺门下缘以及膈上2 cm处4个层面进行影像评价.对每层图像的支气管扩张、支气管壁增厚、气体潴留进行计数统计.结果 4个层面上支气管扩张征象在呼气相与吸气相的显示数目差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.001)；支气管壁增厚征象在呼气相与吸气相的显示数目差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05)；气体潴留征象在呼气相与吸气相上显示的肺段数差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).结论 CV-H RCT对诊断婴幼儿肺小气道病变具有重要应用价值.%Objective To assess the application value of eontrolled-ventilation high resolution CT (CV-HRCT) in diagnosis of small airway abnormalities in infants. Methods Totally 30 infants who were clinically suspected of small airway disease underwent CV-HRCT, and full inspiration and end exhalation images were acquired. Two radiologists reviewed all images for the presence or absence of bronchiectasis, bronchial wall thickening and air trapping through 4 anatomic levels from the CT scout images, including the upper margin of the aortic arch, the carina, the inferior margin of the left hilum, and the lower lobes between 2 cm above the top of the hemidiaphragm. Results There were significant differences in the detection of bronchiectasis and air trapping between expiratory phase and inspiratory phase Call P<0. 05), while no significant differences in the detection of bronchial wall thickening between expiratory phase and inspiratory phase was found (all P> 0. 05). Conclusion CV-HRCT is helpful for detecting small air way diseases in infants.
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