Objective To evaluate left ventricular myocardial function altemation by three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) after surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),and discuss its clinical value.Methods Forty patients with severe aortic stenosis who were hospitalized or outpatient in Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University during the period of October 2014 to October 2016 (AS group),and forty healthy volunteers (normal control group) were enrolled in this study.Normal control group underwent conventional echocardiography and 3D-STI measurement,while the AS group underwent conventional echocardiography and 3D-STI measurement at preoperative,1 week postoperative and 3 months postoperative,then we obtained left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD),interventricular septum thickness diameter (IVSd),left ventricular posterior wall thickness diameter (LVPWd),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),global longitudinal strain (GLS),global circumferential strain (GCS),global radial strain (GRS),global area strain (GAS) strain and 3D-strain.The independent sample t test was used to compare the difference of conventional ultrasound parameters and 3D-STI parameters between AS preoperative patients and healthy controls,AS patients at 3 months postoperative and healthy controls.The single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the difference of conventional ultrasound parameters and 3D-STI parameters in severe patients at preoperative,1 week postoperative and 3 months postoperative.LSD-t test was used to compare in different AS groups.Results Compared with normal control group,IVSD,LVPWD and GCS of severe AS patients increased significantly (t=13.824,11.298 and-6.584,all P ＜ 0.001),GLS,GRS and 3D-Strain decreased significantly (t=10.221,-6.237 and-5.674,all P ＜ 0.001),LVEDD,LVESDand GAS had no significant difference.Compared with preoperative AS patients,LVEF,GLS,GAS and GCS decreased significantly (t=-2.205,-2.093,-2.034 and-3.152,all P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) at 1 week postoperative,LVEDD,LVESD,IVSD,LVPWD,GRS and 3D-strain had no significant difference at 1 week postoperative;GLS,GRS and 3D-strain increased significantly (t=5.446,-4.923 and-4.388,all P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) at 3 months postoperative,GCS,IVSD and LVPWD decreased significantly (t=-3.988,4.794 and 4.211,all P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) at 3 months postoperative,LVEDD,LVESD,LVEF and GAS had no significant difference at 3 months postoperative.Compared with AS patients at 1 week postoperative,LVEF,GLS,GRS,GAS and 3D-strain increased significantly (t=-2.631,7.383,-4.719,2.923 and-4.154,all P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) at 3 months postoperative,GCS,IVSD and LVPWD decreased significantly (t=-2.109,4.747 and 4.323,all P ＜ 0.05 or0.01) at 3 months postoperative.But in AS patients at 3 months postoperative,IVSD,LVPWD,GLS and GCS were still higher than those of normal control group (t=9.809,7.066,4.752 and-2.553,all P ＜ 0.001 or ＜ 0.05),LVEDD,LVESD,LVEF,GRS,GAS and 3D-strain had no significant difference.Conclusion The alternation of left ventricular myocardial function have a certain characteristic before and after aortic valve replacement in severe aortic stenosis patients with preserved LVEF,and 3D-STI can evaluate it more accurately.%目的 采用三维斑点追踪(3D-STI)技术观察左心室射血分数(LVEF)正常的重度主动脉瓣狭窄(AS)患者主动脉瓣置换术(AVR)后左心室心肌功能改变特点,并评价其临床应用价值.方法 选取2014年10月至2016年10月南京医科大学附属南京医院收治的拟行AVR的重度AS患者40例(重度AS组)和健康志愿者40名(健康对照组).健康对照组受试者行常规超声心动图和3D-STI测量,重度AS组患者分别于术前、术后1周及术后3个月行常规超声心动图和3D-STI测量,获得左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、室间隔厚度(IVSD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPWD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室整体纵向应变(GLS)、左心室整体环向应变(GCS)、左心室整体径向应变(GRS)、左心室整体面积应变(GAS)及三维应变(3D-strain).采用独立样本t检验分别比较重度AS组患者术前、术后3个月与健康对照组受试者常规超声参数、三维应变参数;采用单因素方差分析比较重度AS组患者术前、术后1周及术后3个月常规超声参数、三维应变参数,进一步组间两两比较采用LSD-t检验.结果 与健康对照组受试者比较,重度AS组患者术前IVSD、LVPWD均增大,GLS、GRS、3D-strain均降低,GCS升高,且差异均有统计学意义(t=13.824、11.298、10.221、-6.237、-5.674、-6.584,P均＜0.001),而LVEDD、LVESD、GAS差异均无统计学意义;与术前比较,重度AS组患者术后l周LVEF、GLS、GCS、GAS均降低,且差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.205、-2.093、-2.034、-3.152,P均＜0.05或0.01),而LVEDD、LVESD、IVSD、LVPWD、GRS、3D-strain差异均无统计学意义;重度AS组患者术后3个月GLS、GRS、3D-strain均升高,GCS、IVSD、LVPWD均降低,且差异均有统计学意义(t=5.446、-4.923、-4.388、-3.988、4.794、4.211,P均＜0.05或0.01),而LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF、GRS、GAS差异均无统计学意义.与术后1周比较,重度AS组患者术后3个月LVEF、GLS、GRS、GAS、3D-strain均升高,GCS、IVSD、LVPWD均降低,且差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.631、7.383、-4.719、2.923、-4.154、-2.109、4.747、4.323,P均＜0.05或0.01),而LVEDD、LVESD差异均无统计学意义.重度AS组患者术后3个月IVSD、LVPWD、GLS及GCS仍高于健康对照组受试者,且差异均有统计学意义(t=9.809、7.066、4.752、-2.553,P＜0.001或＜0.01),而LVEDD、LVESD、LVEF、GRS、GAS、3D-strain差异均无统计学意义.结论 LVEF正常的重度AS患者,其左心室心肌功能的改变及其接受AVR后的心肌功能变化均有一定特征性,3D-STI技术能较准确地对其进行评价.
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